What is a Boiler ? & its types
What is Boiler:- A boiler is outlined as “A closed vessel during which water or different liquid is heated, steam or vapor is generated, steam is super heated, or any combination therefrom, besieged or vacuum, to be used external to itself, by the direct application of energy from the combustion of fuels, from electricity or energy ”.
A Brief Introduction :
- Boiler may be a main operating element of thermal power plants.
- Water is helpful and low-cost medium for transferring heat to a method.
- once water is warm into steam its volume will increase regarding 1,600 times, manufacturing a force that’s virtually as explosive as bomb.
- This causes the boiler to be extra ordinarily dangerous instruments and equipment will be treated carefully
- Liquid once heated to the vaporous state this method is named evaporation.
- The heating surface is any a part of the boiler; hot gases of combustion square measure on one facet and water on the opposite. Any a part of the boiler metal that truly contributes to creating steam is heating surface.
- the quantity of heating surface of a boiler is expressed in sq. meters.
- The larger the heating surface a boiler has, the a lot of economical it becomes.
Fuel Used in Boiler
The list of major fuels that square measure used in boiler systems is given below:
1. N.G. (Natural Gas)
2. Propane
3. Oil
4. Electricity
5. Solids Fuels like Coal & Wood
6. Renewable Energy
Solid Boiler fuels:- Major solid fuels used for burning in a very boiler embody coal and wood. They were the sole fuel sources obtainable to be used in boiler systems before the emergence of heating heating oil. These square measure the most affordable means that of boiler fuels that are becoming exhausted day by day because uncontrolled use.
Wood
Coal
Briquettes
Pet Coke
Rice Husk
Liquid Boiler Fuels :
L.D.O.
F.O.
LPG :- In observe, LPG is especially employed in applications wherever the supply of gas is either terribly restricted or expensive. LPG works as a boiler fuel in similar manner as gas. However, the boiler in use should be capable of conversion options so it may be created compatible with LPG.
Major vaporous Boiler Fuels square measure as :
>LPG
>LNG
>PNG are often accustomed do the combustion for the precise purpose.
Components of Boiler System
There square measure three backbone parts of any boiler system:
1. Boiler Feed Water System
Water that converts into steam by vessel system known as Feed water & system that regulates feed water known as Feed water system.
There square measure 2 styles of feed water systems in boilers:
Open feed System
Closed feed system
There square measure2 main sources of feed water:
Condensed steam came from the processes
Raw water organized from outside the boiler plant processes ( Called: Makeup Water)
Boiler feed pump: Ring-section model with sound stage
Multi Stage Boiler Feed pump
2. Boiler Steam System
Steam System is quite main dominant system of boiler method. Steam Systems square measure accountable to gather all generated steam within the method.
Steam systems send steam generated within the method to the purpose of use through pipes ( piping system). Throughout the method, steam pressure is controlled and controlled with the assistance of boiler system components like valves, steam pressure gauges etc.
There square measure three backbone parts of any boiler system:
1. Boiler Feed Water System
Water that converts into steam by vessel system known as Feed water & system that regulates feed water known as Feed water system.
There square measure 2 styles of feed water systems in boilers:
Open feed System
Closed feed system
There square measure2 main sources of feed water:
Condensed steam came from the processes
Raw water organized from outside the boiler plant processes ( Called: Makeup Water)
Boiler feed pump: Ring-section model with sound stage
Multi Stage Boiler Feed pump
2. Boiler Steam System
Steam System is quite main dominant system of boiler method. Steam Systems square measure accountable to gather all generated steam within the method.
Steam systems send steam generated within the method to the purpose of use through pipes ( piping system). Throughout the method, steam pressure is controlled and controlled with the assistance of boiler system components like valves, steam pressure gauges etc.
3. Boiler equipment
Fueling is that the heart of boiler method consists of all needed|the mandatory} parts and instrumentation to feed fuel to get required heat. The instrumentation needed within the equipment depends on the sort of fuel employed in the system.
feed water treatment plant
Boiler Applications
The Boilers have a really a large application in numerous industries like
1. Food Plant
Food should usually be heated or boiled through out process. so this industrial sector clearly desires lots of thermal energy. However, some steam applications square measure still stunning; a decent example is potato process.
2. Breweries
Most people apprehend that a decent and attractive Breweries consists of hops, malt and water. However, before enjoying the Breweries there’s a posh production method. Malt must be ground coarsely and mixed with water. The brewer calls this mashing. The mash should be heated to numerous temperatures in 2 to four hours. Steam generated with the vessel is generally used as a heat carrier. after, hops square measure else and also the mixture must relax. Then yeast is else and triggers the fermentation so the Breweries gets the specified result. once more when bottles or barrels are empty they’re unremarkable came to the still. in fact the breweries initial got to clean them before they’ll be refilled. For this method steam is once more needed to heat up the water required for cleanup.
3. Building materials Plant
Large amounts of steam also are necessary for the assembly of formed bricks. the fundamental materials like sand, lime, water, etc. square measure mixed and ironed to comparatively loose stone compounds. after, the stones square measure transported to an enormous pressure vessel (autoclave) that is then closed and steam is injected. The stones got to harden at a temperature of roughly two hundred °C and a pressure of regarding sixteen bar for a particular amount of your time and may then be withdrawn as finished stones.
4. Sewer pipe rehabilitation
What to try and do if there’s a drain leakage? This draw back will either be solved by means that of excavation works at the underground pipes and renewal of the waste product pipe systems or with rehabilitation tubes. These tubes square measure over dimension hoses that square measure inserted within the pipes while not excavation work so inflated with steam. The plastic hose attaches itself to the waste product pipe below application of pressure and temperature and also the pipe will still be used for several years.
many different Industries like :
Power Sector
Textiles
Plywood
Food process Plant
F.M.C.G.
Sugar Plants
